What do you mean, easy?
If you are currently having heart palpitations induced by the characters section, you'll be glad to hear that it isn't
all bad news.
Time
Chinese grammar is actually remarkably simple. First off, there are no tenses. This doesn't mean you can't talk about the past and the future, you just make your meaning clear without doing unnatural things to the verb. Where English speakers say 'I went yesterday', the Chinese say 'I go yesterday' (or more accurately, 'I yesterday go'). So that's the first piece of good news, you don't need to learn how to conjugate ANY verbs, let alone irregular ones. Learners of European languages, breath a huge sigh of relief at your leisure.
Word classes
Anyone who teaches Chinese students to use English will soon notice that they pay little attention to parts of speech - 'beauty', 'beautiful' and 'beautifully' will get all mixed up. What's bad news for the folk with the red pens, however, is good news for the rest of us. The Chinese don't distinguish between these words in English because they don't distinguish between them in Chinese - small, regular changes to the grammar of a sentence are all that's necessary.
Le
This is one of the first characters most people learn to recognise, as it's one of the simplest and most common. It looks a bit like an upside down L that looks like it's been knocked in the back of the neck with an iron bar. Don't be confused by it's simple appearance, it's one of the more difficult aspects of Chinese grammar to get completely correct. Fortunately, it's pretty easy to get it more or less correct. Very roughly, a 'le' at the end of a sentence has the meaning of 'and this situation has recently arisen / changed' while a 'le' after a verb indicates that the action is now complete.
I spent a lot of energy figuring out 'le' when I started studying, and to be honest I shouldn't have - just listen to where the Chinese put them (damned near anywhere) and copy it.
Quantum Participles
Chinese has a range of little words which get dropped in at the end of a sentence to change the meaning in someway. 'Ma' and 'Ba' are the most common and easily used, making sentences questions and suggestions respectively. There's another 'ma' which indicates a rhetorical question (context will distinguish between them, we hope), 'la' which sometimes indicates surprise and is sometimes a mix of 'le' and 'ma'. My personal favourite is 'bei', which you can put at the end of answers to questions which you think were stupid to indicate that the aforementioned stupidity has not gone unnoticed.
What's the measure word for . . .
Measure words look difficult at first, as there are millions of them and we don't always have an equivalent in English. However, you don't need to learn millions, and there are some equivalents you can use to get to grips with the concept.
Basically, almost every noun in Chinese needs a measure word. There's no good reason for this, you just need one. Instead of saying 'two apples', you say 'two GE apple' with GE being the measure word for apples (note, there's no plural in Chinese). This 'ge' is the most common measure word and can be used as a substitute for measure words you haven't quite got around to learning yet, which makes it a godsend. Some of the more common measure words are 'zhang', used for big flat things - tables, maps, etc; 'jian' used for items of clothing and 'tai' for electrical appliances like TV's and computers.
Some measure words also add meaning. The measure word for 'key' is usually 'ba', but if you use 'dui', the measure word for things in piles (ie, rubbish) you can say 'one 'dui' keys' - a pile of keys.
Measure words are a non-essential, but very useful part of Chinese. They are very handy for reducing ambiguity - Chinese has a huge number of homonyms, and differing measure words helps the listener to choose between possibilities.