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Standardized method for transliterating foreign names?


林彪

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This is a very technical matter of which I have no knowledge at all (sorry). But I have done a google search for 外語譯音, and 北大"美术史翻译规范" comes up, which IMHO is a very well structured and detailed guideline -

2 译名表的参考书籍:

 2.1 人名:

   2.1.1 普通人名参考:

     2.1.1.1 《英语译名手册》、《意大利语译名手册》 辛华编辑 商务印书馆1981年版;

     2.1.1.2 《世界译名大词典》 新华通讯社译名室编辑 中国对外翻译出版公司1993年版;

   2.1.2 希腊罗马神话人名参考:《希腊罗马神话词典》 鲁刚、郑述谱编译 中国社会科学出版社1984年版,后附罗念生编写的《古希腊语、拉丁语译音表》;

   2.1.3 基督教人名参考:《基督教文化百科词典》 济南出版社1991年版

 2.2 地名:

   2.2.1 现代地名和历史地名参考:

    2.2.1.1 《世界地名译名手册》 辛华编辑 商务印书馆1978年版;

     2.2.1.2 《世界地名录》 中国大百科全书出版社编辑 1984年版

   2.2.2 神话、宗教地名参考:《希腊罗马神话词典》、《基督教文化百科词典》

 2.3 民族:《世界民族译名手册》 李毅夫、王恩庆等编 商务印书馆1982年版

 2.4 教堂名:当出现St.或Sta.时,如果其后的人名在《圣经》中出现,则按宗教人名翻译;如果没有,则按普通人名翻译

 2.5 博物馆名:为避免混淆,仅译出最著名的博物馆十余处,其余保留原文

3 习惯译法:人名、地名皆以北京大学历史系编《世界通史》为准

4 自译的原则:凡在以上或其他相关书籍中查不到中文译法而在正文中出现的人名、地名,据新华社1973年编"外语译音表四十种"译出

5 不译的原则:凡在以上或其他相关书籍中查不到中文译法而未在正文中出现的人名、地名,保留原文

And it looks like "外語譯音表四十種" published by 新華社 in 1973 is an all-round guideline (not that I know anything about it really).

There are national standards on "外国地名汉字译写导则" ("Transformation guidelines of geographical names from foreign languages into Chinese") for English, French, German, Russian, etc. I suppose they can be bought from the Standardization Administration of China. There could be other national standards. Hopefully someone will point them out.

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