What's the difference between 既有 ... 也有 and 不但... 而且？

[mthmchris]

I was looking at this sentence:

"个中原因，既有投资回报预期下降，民企主动减少投资，也有资源向国企集中，民企被“挤出”。"

My students said that this meant "not only, but also". As that a good translation? When would you say this and when would you say "不但... 而且"?

[semantic nuance]

In this case, 既有....也有 = 不但有.....而且(也)有. Here 有 is used because of the previous 原因, So you can say:

个中原因，既有投资回报预期下降，民企主动减少投资，也有资源向国企集中，民企被“挤出”。"

个中原因，不但有投资回报预期下降，民企主动减少投资，而且(也)有资源向国企集中，民企被“挤出”。"

Besides, you can also say:

个中原因，不但是因為投资回报预期下降，民企主动减少投资，而且也因為资源向国企集中，民企被“挤出”。"

Apart from 既有...也有, you may use 除了....(之外), 還有.....

[skylee]

I have always wondered - should it be 不但 or 不單 (or perhaps they are used in different ways). And also should it be 不只 or 不止 (or are they also used differently)?

My Xiandai Hanyu Cidian says one of the meanings of 不單 is 不但, the other is 不止. And 不只 has the same meaning as 不但. So -

不單 = 不但 and

不單 = 不止 and

不只 = 不但

So is it right that 不止 = 不單 = 不但 = 不只 (probably not, but at least their meanings mostly overlap)

[semantic nuance]

To my knowledge, 不止 can mean 1. non-stop 2. more than....

I found a distinction of 不只 and 不止, and you may decide if it is right.

[skylee]

What a strange explanation. IMHO "所以當下次你要使用「不ㄓˇ」這個詞時，可以試著先將整句翻成英文，看看在句子裡，要用 not only 或是用 over ，哪一個會比較洽當。那麼，你就可以清楚自己應該用「不只」還是「不止」囉！" is quite absurd.