Jump to content
Chinese-Forums
  • Sign Up

Grammar #3 的得地


xuechengfeng

Recommended Posts

  • 11 months later...

Hello

I am trying to understand the particle use of 地.

I was reading this post on the use of 地 and I got a bit confused about the explanation given there.

http://www.chinese-forums.com/index.php?/topic/106-websites-for-shanghainese13&highlight=explain+de (merged. Admin)

What is the difference between the two sentences, if any, posted in the title.

If there are no differences, can you please give me some more examples of how to use 地?

Thank you all very much for your time and patience,

Richard Hughes

Edited by roddy
Link to comment
Share on other sites

他走回家得很慢 vs. 他很慢地走回家

What is the difference between the two sentences, if any, posted in the title.

is used with adjectives or attributive phrases:

形容词+地+动词

高兴地说 tell enthusiastically (lit.= happily)

认真地做 do seriously

仔细地看 look closely

顺利地通过考试 pass the exam smoothly

不停地写 write without stopping

is used between a verb and its complement to express possibility or capability:

动词+得+形容词

拿得动 can carry

听得懂 can understand

办得到 can do

回得来 can come back

过得去 can pass

喜欢得很 to like a lot

睡得很晚 fall asleep very late

车开得很慢 car moves very slowly

天气变得很冷 the weather has turned cold

跳得高 jump high

高得像一座山 high like a mountain

the negative form of 得 is 不:

拿不动 can't carry

听不懂 can't understand

办不到 can't do

回不来 can't come back

过不去 can't pass

The 地 Construction

Answers for Exercises on 地 and 得

Edited by leeyah
Link to comment
Share on other sites

  • 2 months later...

Does this usage of "得" apply to the following sentences too? I couldn't understand my teacher's explanation.

长得漂亮。

长得高。

跑得快。

I dont really know how to translate this。

And what about these sentences?

我吃饭比他比他吃得多。 I eat more than him? Is this the way to translate it?

他说汉语比我说得好。 He speaks mandarin better than me.(?)

Please help me. I'm strugling with this :conf

Link to comment
Share on other sites

长得漂亮。

长得高。

跑得快。

I dont really know how to translate this。

And what about these sentences?

我吃饭比他比他吃得多。

他说汉语比我说得好。

Please help me. I'm strugling with this

The 得-structure involved in all the sentences and phrases above is the same one, but on translation into English, you'll have to tailor to the way we would say them in English, so on the surface, they may appear to be different:

长得漂亮= x is beautiful

长得高= x is tall

跑得快 = x runs fast

我吃饭比他吃得多 = I eat more than he does (note that there were typos in your original)

他说汉语比我说得好 = He speak English better than I do

Link to comment
Share on other sites

  • 1 year later...

“得” is very useful but sometimes absurd to understand; therefore it draws my great interest in deducing some rules .

Not long before i see an incorrectly generated pattern "发现得吃惊". Some one interprets this as "discovered surprised".

This is a very good interpretation because "吃惊"without a "地" is an adjective. Only“吃惊地发现”is meaningful and correct. But my mind is not going to stop here; it drives me to go further .

Take a look the examples here

Group A : 学得会 看得见 背得出 睡得着 算得出 吃得饱 算得出 认得出

vs

Group B : 跑得快 开得慢 做得差

You will find out the verbs in group A 学会、看见、背出、睡着、 算出、 认出、 吃饱 do exist in the vocabulary of Mandarin while 跑快 开慢 are not words.

Now, let's the see the antonyms of these words

Group A

学得会——学不会

看得见——看不见

背得出——背不出

睡得着——睡不着

算得出——算不出

认得出——认不出

吃得饱——吃不饱

Group B

跑得慢——跑得快

做得差——做得好

When i am Looking at the group A, something suddenly strikes my mind; why we CAN NOT say "发得现" ,though "发现"is actually a word in Mandarin. I get an idea on a second thought before long.

"学"means "learn", when you learn something you might either grasp it (学得会)or fail in it(学不会). What's more, "学" can be used as a word which can be followed by an objective, e.g 学汉语(learn Mandarin)

Now let's talk about why "发得现" is not logically correct . "发" has many meanings, but only when combined with "现" does it definitely refer to discover. "发" is not "find" ,so one will never say '发得现' or "发不现".

When characters"出"or"着"or"来"go after a single verb, they turn to be another word. This function is very like a verb followed by "up" "off" "out"ect. and then it comes into being a phrasal verb.

How about "好"、“差”、"慢" 、"快" in group B ? They could be either adjectives or adverbs which tell you how something has been done.

Take both group A and group B into consideration, we can get such an conclusion——when 得 goes after a character which can be used as a verb, very usually "得" will be followed by a word like "见"、"出"、"着" or some adjective like "好"、"差"、"慢"、"快"etc.

Last but not least, any rule will be coupled with an exception. Language sometimes is more of a descriptive stuff rather than a prescriptive one.

  • Like 2
Link to comment
Share on other sites

  • 2 years later...

Here's the Chinese Grammar Wiki article on the "3 de" topic:

 

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Structural_particle_%22de%22

 

As for 得, check out our complements overview here:

 

http://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/Complement

 

Here are some light-hearted "3 de" related posts on Sinosplice as well:

 

http://www.sinosplice.com/life/archives/2014/05/29/the-3-de-in-popular-culture

 

http://www.sinosplice.com/life/archives/2011/08/16/the-three-de-song

  • Like 1
Link to comment
Share on other sites

Join the conversation

You can post now and select your username and password later. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.
Note: Your post will require moderator approval before it will be visible.

Guest
Click here to reply. Select text to quote.

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.

×
×
  • Create New...